Alexey Maksimovich Peshkov was born in Nizhny Novgorod and gave many years to his native city. Gorky lived in Kazan, Samara, St. Petersburg and Moscow, in his youth he traveled across the Volga region, Don, Crimea, Ukraine and the Caucasus. In his mature years he visited the USA, Italy, Helsinki, Berlin and Prague. Memorable places associated with the writer have been preserved in several cities of Russia and abroad.
Manor on Kovalikha
The former estate of V.V. Kashirin (Nizhny Novgorod, Kovalikhinskaya st., 33) where A. Gorky was born
On one of the old streets of Nizhny Novgorod there is a house that belonged to Vasily Vasilyevich Kashirin. Grandfather A. Peshkov on the maternal side was very respected in the city on the Volga. He owned a small dye shop and was a member of the City Duma. Alyosha Peshkov was born in a two-story mansion and spent the first three years of his life.
The house on Kovalikhinskaya, 33, was built in 1864 by the architect R. Ya. Kilevein. Seven years later, the family was forced to sell the estate and moved to an old house at the Assumption Congress. The historic building is currently being used by various tenants and has a memorial plaque on its wall.
Museum "House of Kashirin"
View of the Museum "House of Kashirin" (Nizhny Novgorod, street Postal congress, 21)
The childhood years of the future author of At the Bottom were spent in his grandfather's house. In a one-story building at 21 Pochtovoy Proezd, the action of the autobiographical story "Childhood" unfolds. In 1938, the wooden house was turned into a museum, so the living quarters in it were completely restored.
Museum interiors tells about the life and traditions of the Nizhny Novgorod burghers of the late 19th century. There are 5 rooms in the sheathed log house, where memorial things, old household items, furniture and various editions of Gorky's works are kept.
Museum-apartment in Nizhny Novgorod
The former mansion of N. F. Kirshbaum where A. Gorky lived with his family
Young Peshkov and his family lived in a two-story house number 19 on Semashko Street from 1902 to 1904. At the beginning of the last century, he was a beginner, but a very talented writer. Here Gorky worked a lot, collected materials for the novel "Mother" and wrote plays and the poem "Man".
Nowadays, the writer's museum works in the former mansion of Baron N. Kirshbaum. Visitors can see the original stop, which was conveyed by Gorky's widow, Ekaterina Pavlovna Peshkova. Literary and musical evenings, performances and Gorky readings are held in small rooms.
Literary Museum of A.M. Gorky
View of the A.M. Gorky from Minin Street
In the historical center of Nizhny Novgorod, on the street. Minina, 26, since 1934 a museum dedicated to the literary work of the writer has been opened. The beautiful two-story merchant mansion of the Burmistrovs is a wonderful example of a ceremonial building of the second half of the 19th century.
The museum has rich funds - about 100 thousand items. Its halls display photographs, documents, books and personal belongings. Part of the exposition is devoted to the biography of Gorky, and in one of the premises there is an organization of writers.
Other places in Nizhny Novgorod related to Gorky
House on the street. Maxim Gorky, 74 in Nizhny Novgorod
On the street Korolenko, 42, you can see the house where in 1872 Alyosha Peshkov moved with his grandfather Vasily Vasilyevich Kashirin and grandmother Akulina Ivanovna. Another building where the future writer lived with his family and from where he went to adulthood is located on the street. Alyosha Peshkova, 42. More than a hundred years ago it was called Pirozhnikovskaya.
At the Kanavino primary school, the boy studied before entering the "people". The building of the former school is located on the street. Kommunisticheskaya, 27. At the age of 11, Alyosha was forced to leave his studies and got a job in the salon of "fashionable" shoes, which belonged to the merchant Leonty Porkhunov - st. Maxim Gorky, 74.
House on the street. Maxim Gorky, 82 in Nizhny Novgorod
One of the places in Nizhny Novgorod, where young Peshkov was interrupted by odd jobs, is Gogin's apartment building on ul. Zvezdinka, 5B. At the age of 14, the boy worked in the icon-painting workshop, which was located in the house of the merchant Salabanova, on the street. Kostin, 3.
On the street Bolshaya Pokrovskaya, 24/22, a stone house has been preserved, where at the end of the 19th - beginning of the 20th centuries the editorial office of the newspaper "Nizhegorodsky leaf" worked. The small edition became for Gorky the first school of literary work.
Former house of the editorial office of the newspaper "Nizhegorodsky leaf" in Nizhny Novgorod where M. Gorky worked
In Nizhny Novgorod, Gorky rented several apartments. One of them was located in Kholodny Lane, 5. The first family home for the Peshkovs was a three-room apartment in Guzeeva's house on Nizhegorodskaya Street, 12. In the spring of 1898, the aspiring writer and his wife lived in Bolshakov's house on Ilyinskaya, 68.
In the house of Kurepin on the street. Maxim Gorky, 82, the couple occupied the upper floor from the end of 1898 to March 1900. Here Alexey Maksimovich liked to retire to work in a small mezzanine. Returning from a vacation in the Crimea, Gorky and his wife took an apartment in the Lemke house on Kanatnaya Street. Now the historic building is located at st. Korolenko, 11.
The former shelter (Rozhdestvenskaya St., 2 in Nizhny Novgorod) described in the play "At the Bottom"
Many Nizhny Novgorod mansions were described by Gorky in his literary works. In the house number 2 on the street. Bolshaya Pokrovskaya unfolded the action of the novel "The Life of Klim Samgin", and the house number 2 on the street. Rozhdestvenskaya became the prototype of the flophouse in the famous play At the Bottom.
Literary Memorial Museum in Kazan
In 1886-1887, the future writer worked as a baker's assistant. In Kazan, he made famous dumplings and rolls. Since 1938 on the street. Gorky, 10, the museum of M. Gorky and F. Chaliapin was opened.
A. I. Shalyapin Museum in Kazan
An old bakery where young Peshkov worked has been reconstructed in the basement. On the ground floor, personal belongings, autographs and rare editions of the writer are exhibited. The second floor is occupied by an extensive "Shalyapin" collection. A literary cafe was opened at the Kazan Museum.
Literary Memorial Museum in Samara
In 1895, Gorky came to Samara and stayed on the street. Stepan Razin, 126. In 1941, a museum of the writer was opened there, but now the exposition is located at st. Frunze, 155, in the estate where Alexei Nikolaevich Tolstoy lived.
View of the Samara Literary and Memorial Museum. Gorky
The Samara Museum tells about all the writers who visited the city in the XX century. The main exhibition is dedicated to the apartment of Alexei Tolstoy and his mother. Part of the exhibition is framed as a quest for children based on the fairy tale "The Golden Key".
Museum apartment in Moscow
In 1932, the Soviet government handed over to Alexei Maksimovich a dacha in the Crimea, a house in Gorki near Moscow and the former mansion of the millionaire S. P. Ryabushinsky at 6/2 Malaya Nikitskaya Street. An unusual Art Nouveau building was built in 1902 by the architect Fyodor Shekhtel. Gorky lived in a two-story house until his death in 1936.
View of the A. Gorky Museum-Apartment in Moscow from Malaya Nikitskaya Street
The windows of the old mansion are decorated with beautiful stained-glass windows. The museum houses a rich library of the writer. Tourists can see the original interiors of the beginning of the last century - a melting staircase made of Vasalem marble from Estonia, door handles in the form of sea horses and a large jellyfish chandelier.
Tesseli's dacha in Crimea
For the first time, the writer came to Foros in 1916 together with Fyodor Chaliapin. In 1932 Tesseli's dacha was transferred to Gorky. He rested several times on the southern coast of Crimea, treated weak lungs, wrote an epic novel “The Life of Klim Samgin”, plays “Vassa Zheleznova” and “Ryabinin”.
View of Tesseli's dacha in Crimea, which was transferred from 1932. to 1936 A. Gorky
The Crimean dacha is famous for the fact that it was visited by many celebrities - famous writers, poets, cosmonauts, musicians and artists. In 1936, Gorky left Foros for Moscow and died three weeks later.From the memorial items at the dacha, a grand piano, a desk, a chair-chair, a clock and a sofa have been preserved.
Cathedral of the Ascension of the Lord in Samara
On Stepan Razin Street there is an Orthodox church in which Aleksey Maksimovich was married to Ekaterina Volzhina. An important event for the young Peshkov family took place on August 30, 1896.
View of the Cathedral of the Ascension in Samara from st. Stepan Razin
At this time, the bride was 20 years old, she worked as a proofreader for a Samara newspaper. The groom was 8 years older than his chosen one, and he managed to prove himself as an unusually prolific journalist.
Necropolis at the Kremlin wall
At the end of May 1936, after returning from the Crimea, Maxim Gorky felt unwell. He visited his son's grave, caught a cold and fell ill. The writer lay in Gorki for three weeks, and on June 18 he was gone. Gorky's body was cremated, and the urn with the ashes was buried in the Kremlin wall.
Burial place of Alexey Maksimovich Gorky
Monuments to Gorky
There are so many monuments to the writer in Russia that it is impossible to count them all. There are more than ten such monuments in Nizhny Novgorod alone. The very first of them "Gorky and Children" appeared in 1940.
In the town of Bor, on the left bank of the Volga, there is a monument dedicated to the meetings of Maxim Gorky and Fyodor Chaliapin in 1902-1903. The figures of the writer and singer stand surrounded by tall pine trees on the picturesque Moss Mountains.
Monument to Maxim Gorky and Fyodor Chaliapin in Bor
In Moscow, an expressive monument to Gorky can be seen in front of the Institute of World Literature on Povarskaya Street. The author of the energetic figure of the writer in folk clothes is the famous Soviet sculptor Vera Mukhina.
